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<html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"> <title>1. The GNU General Public License</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="vg_basic.css" type="text/css"> <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.69.1"> <link rel="start" href="index.html" title="Valgrind Documentation"> <link rel="up" href="licenses.html" title="GNU Licenses"> <link rel="prev" href="licenses.html" title="GNU Licenses"> <link rel="next" href="license.gfdl.html" title="2. The GNU Free Documentation License"> </head> <body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"> <div><table class="nav" width="100%" cellspacing="3" cellpadding="3" border="0" summary="Navigation header"><tr> <td width="22px" align="center" valign="middle"><a accesskey="p" href="licenses.html"><img src="images/prev.png" width="18" height="21" border="0" alt="Prev"></a></td> <td width="25px" align="center" valign="middle"><a accesskey="u" href="licenses.html"><img src="images/up.png" width="21" height="18" border="0" alt="Up"></a></td> <td width="31px" align="center" valign="middle"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html"><img src="images/home.png" width="27" height="20" border="0" alt="Up"></a></td> <th align="center" valign="middle">GNU Licenses</th> <td width="22px" align="center" valign="middle"><a accesskey="n" href="license.gfdl.html"><img src="images/next.png" width="18" height="21" border="0" alt="Next"></a></td> </tr></table></div> <div class="chapter" lang="en"> <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"> <a name="license.gpl"></a>1. The GNU General Public License</h2></div></div></div> <div class="literallayout"><p><br> GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE<br> Version 2, June 1991<br> <br> Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.<br> 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA<br> Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies<br> of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.<br> <br> Preamble<br> <br> The licenses for most software are designed to take away your<br> freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public<br> License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free<br> software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This<br> General Public License applies to most of the Free Software<br> Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to<br> using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by<br> the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to<br> your programs, too.<br> <br> When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not<br> price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you<br> have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for<br> this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it<br> if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it<br> in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.<br> <br> To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid<br> anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.<br> These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you<br> distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.<br> <br> For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether<br> gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that<br> you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the<br> source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their<br> rights.<br> <br> We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and<br> (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,<br> distribute and/or modify the software.<br> <br> Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain<br> that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free<br> software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we<br> want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so<br> that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original<br> authors' reputations.<br> <br> Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software<br> patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free<br> program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the<br> program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any<br> patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.<br> <br> The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and<br> modification follow.<br> <br> GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE<br> TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION<br> <br> 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains<br> a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed<br> under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program", below,<br> refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program"<br> means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:<br> that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,<br> either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another<br> language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in<br> the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you".<br> <br> Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not<br> covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of<br> running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program<br> is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the<br> Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).<br> Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.<br> <br> 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's<br> source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you<br> conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate<br> copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the<br> notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;<br> and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License<br> along with the Program.<br> <br> You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and<br> you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.<br> <br> 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion<br> of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and<br> distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1<br> above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:<br> <br> a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices<br> stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.<br> <br> b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in<br> whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any<br> part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third<br> parties under the terms of this License.<br> <br> c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively<br> when run, you must cause it, when started running for such<br> interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an<br> announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a<br> notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide<br> a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under<br> these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this<br> License. (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but<br> does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on<br> the Program is not required to print an announcement.)<br> <br> These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If<br> identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,<br> and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in<br> themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those<br> sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you<br> distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based<br> on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of<br> this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the<br> entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.<br> <br> Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest<br> your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to<br> exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or<br> collective works based on the Program.<br> <br> In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program<br> with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of<br> a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under<br> the scope of this License.<br> <br> 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,<br> under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of<br> Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:<br> <br> a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable<br> source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections<br> 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,<br> <br> b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three<br> years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your<br> cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete<br> machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be<br> distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium<br> customarily used for software interchange; or,<br> <br> c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer<br> to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is<br> allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you<br> received the program in object code or executable form with such<br> an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)<br> <br> The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for<br> making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source<br> code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any<br> associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to<br> control compilation and installation of the executable. However, as a<br> special exception, the source code distributed need not include<br> anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary<br> form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the<br> operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component<br> itself accompanies the executable.<br> <br> If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering<br> access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent<br> access to copy the source code from the same place counts as<br> distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not<br> compelled to copy the source along with the object code.<br> <br> 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program<br> except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt<br> otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is<br> void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.<br> However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under<br> this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such<br> parties remain in full compliance.<br> <br> 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not<br> signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or<br> distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions are<br> prohibited by law if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by<br> modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the<br> Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and<br> all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying<br> the Program or works based on it.<br> <br> 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the<br> Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the<br> original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to<br> these terms and conditions. You may not impose any further<br> restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.<br> You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to<br> this License.<br> <br> 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent<br> infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),<br> conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or<br> otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not<br> excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot<br> distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this<br> License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you<br> may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent<br> license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by<br> all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then<br> the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to<br> refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.<br> <br> If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under<br> any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to<br> apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other<br> circumstances.<br> <br> It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any<br> patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any<br> such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the<br> integrity of the free software distribution system, which is<br> implemented by public license practices. Many people have made<br> generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed<br> through that system in reliance on consistent application of that<br> system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing<br> to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot<br> impose that choice.<br> <br> This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to<br> be a consequence of the rest of this License.<br> <br> 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in<br> certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the<br> original copyright holder who places the Program under this License<br> may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding<br> those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among<br> countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License incorporates<br> the limitation as if written in the body of this License.<br> <br> 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions<br> of the General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will<br> be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to<br> address new problems or concerns.<br> <br> Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program<br> specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any<br> later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions<br> either of that version or of any later version published by the Free<br> Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of<br> this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software<br> Foundation.<br> <br> 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free<br> programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author<br> to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free<br> Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes<br> make exceptions for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals<br> of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and<br> of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.<br> <br> NO WARRANTY<br> <br> 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY<br> FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN<br> OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES<br> PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED<br> OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF<br> MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS<br> TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE<br> PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,<br> REPAIR OR CORRECTION.<br> <br> 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING<br> WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR<br> REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,<br> INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING<br> OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED<br> TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY<br> YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER<br> PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE<br> POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.<br> <br> END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS<br> <br> How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs<br> <br> If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest<br> possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it<br> free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.<br> <br> To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest<br> to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively<br> convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least<br> the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.<br> <br> <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.><br> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author><br> <br> This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify<br> it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by<br> the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or<br> (at your option) any later version.<br> <br> This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,<br> but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of<br> MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the<br> GNU General Public License for more details.<br> <br> You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License<br> along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software<br> Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA<br> <br> <br> Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.<br> <br> If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this<br> when it starts in an interactive mode:<br> <br> Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author<br> Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.<br> This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it<br> under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.<br> <br> The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate<br> parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may<br> be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be<br> mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.<br> <br> You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your<br> school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if<br> necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:<br> <br> Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program<br> `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.<br> <br> <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989<br> Ty Coon, President of Vice<br> <br> This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into<br> proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may<br> consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the<br> library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General<br> Public License instead of this License.<br> <br> </p></div> </div> <div> <br><table class="nav" width="100%" cellspacing="3" cellpadding="2" border="0" summary="Navigation footer"> <tr> <td rowspan="2" width="40%" align="left"> <a accesskey="p" href="licenses.html"><< GNU Licenses</a> </td> <td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="licenses.html">Up</a></td> <td rowspan="2" width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="license.gfdl.html">2. The GNU Free Documentation License >></a> </td> </tr> <tr><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td></tr> </table> </div> </body> </html>